Editing Fundamentals of Nursing – LPN Flashcards (section)

== Elimination ==

;How is an enema administered to an adult?
:Place the patient in the left lateral Sims position, lubricate the tip, insert about 7.5 to 10 centimeters (3 to 4 inches) toward the umbilicus, and instill slowly with the container about 30 to 45 centimeters (12 to 18 inches) above the anus. Stop and reassess for cramping, dizziness, or palpitations, and never force against resistance.

;What are the rules for indwelling catheter drainage bag placement?
:Keep the bag below the level of the bladder at all times, hang it on the bed frame and never on a movable side rail, never let it rest on the floor, keep the tubing free of kinks and dependent loops, secure the tubing to the thigh, and keep the drainage system closed.

;What urine output should be reported to the registered nurse?
:Less than about 30 milliliters per hour in an adult, or 0.5 milliliters per kilogram per hour. Also report cloudy, foul smelling, or bloody urine, and any new complaint of burning or urgency.

;What is a normal stoma, and when is the pouch emptied?
:A healthy stoma is pink to red, moist, and slightly raised, and may bleed slightly with cleansing. Empty the pouch when it is one third to one half full to prevent leakage and detachment. Report a dusky, purple, or black stoma to the registered nurse immediately, because it indicates impaired circulation.