Editing Pediatric Nursing – LPN Flashcards (section)

== Basic care and safety ==

;What are the safe infant sleep rules the LPN reinforces?
:Back to sleep for every sleep, a firm mattress with a fitted sheet only, no pillows, bumpers, loose blankets, or soft toys, and room-sharing without bed-sharing.

;What are the core car seat teaching points?
:Rear-facing in the back seat until at least age 2 and ideally until the seat's height or weight limit is reached, then forward-facing with a harness, then a belt-positioning booster. All children under 13 ride in the back seat, and a rear-facing seat is never placed in front of an active air bag.

;Name common choking foods to avoid in children under about 4 years, and which foods are delayed past 12 months.
:Choking hazards: whole grapes, round hot dog slices, nuts, popcorn, hard candy, raw carrot pieces, and large globs of peanut butter. Round foods are cut lengthwise into small pieces. Honey is not given before 12 months because of infant botulism risk, and whole cow's milk is introduced after 12 months.

;What are the key water and burn safety teaching points?
:Drowning is a leading cause of death in children 1 to 4 years, so teach touch supervision around water, four-sided isolation pool fencing with self-latching gates, and emptying buckets and tubs immediately. Set the water heater no higher than 120 degrees Fahrenheit (49 degrees Celsius), turn pot handles inward, keep hot liquids and cords out of reach, and never microwave formula or breast milk.

;What number should the LPN give caregivers for poisoning, and what should they not do?
:In the United States, Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222. Do not induce vomiting and do not give syrup of ipecac. Keep products in original containers, locked and out of sight.

;Which intramuscular site is used for an infant, and which site is never used in children?
:The vastus lateralis is used for infants and young toddlers. The dorsogluteal site is never used in children because of sciatic nerve risk. The deltoid is reserved for older children with adequate muscle mass.

;How does the LPN safely give a liquid oral medication to a toddler?
:Use an oral syringe calibrated in milliliters, never a household spoon. Direct the liquid slowly toward the side of the mouth. Do not mix medication into a full bottle of formula or an essential food, and never call medicine candy. Convert weight by dividing pounds by 2.2, and record the weight in kilograms only to prevent dangerous pound-kilogram mix-ups.