Editing Infection Control and Safety – LPN Flashcards (section)

== Precautions ==

;Who gets standard precautions?
:'''Every client, every time, no matter the diagnosis.''' Treat all blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions '''except sweat''', non-intact skin, and mucous membranes as infectious.
;What PPE is required for contact precautions, and give three examples of conditions.
:'''Gown and gloves''' on entry. Examples: '''MRSA, VRE, ''C. difficile'', norovirus, scabies, lice, RSV''', and draining wounds that a dressing cannot contain. Use '''dedicated equipment''' in the room.
;What PPE is required for droplet precautions, and give three examples of conditions.
:A '''surgical mask''' on entry, plus eye protection if splashing is likely. Examples: '''influenza, pertussis, mumps, rubella, meningococcal meningitis, and group A streptococcal infection'''.
;What PPE and room are required for airborne precautions, and which conditions?
:A '''fit-tested N95 respirator''' and a '''negative-pressure airborne infection isolation room with the door kept closed'''. Conditions: '''tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox (varicella), and disseminated shingles''' (the last two also need contact precautions).
;What does the client wear when leaving the room on droplet or airborne precautions?
:A '''surgical mask''', never an N95. The mask on the client keeps the client's droplets contained. Cover any skin lesions, and notify the receiving department before transport.
;Which precautions are used for a client with ''C. difficile'', and what else is different?
:'''Contact precautions''', '''soap-and-water hand hygiene''', a private room with '''dedicated equipment''', and cleaning with a '''bleach or other sporicidal disinfectant'''. Report ongoing diarrhea, abdominal distention, or signs of dehydration to the registered nurse.
;Which precaution level does a client with neutropenia need?
:A '''protective environment''': a positive-pressure, filtered room that keeps organisms away from the client. '''No fresh flowers, potted plants, standing water, or ill visitors.''' This protects the client rather than others.