Editing Nutrition – LPN Flashcards (section)

== Feeding Assistance and Safety ==

;How should a client be positioned to eat, and for how long afterward?
:Sitting fully upright at 90 degrees in a chair or high Fowler position in bed during the meal, and kept upright for at least 30 to 60 minutes afterward to prevent reflux and aspiration.

;What are the signs of aspiration during feeding?
:Coughing or choking, a wet or gurgling voice, watering eyes, drooling, food pocketed in the cheek, shortness of breath, color change, and a falling oxygen saturation. Stop feeding and report to the RN immediately.

;Why are straws and thin liquids risky for a client with dysphagia?
:Thin liquids move fastest and are the easiest consistency to aspirate, and a straw delivers a bolus to the back of the throat before the client is ready to swallow. Liquids are thickened as ordered and straws are avoided unless specifically prescribed.

;How should the LPN set up a meal tray for a client who is blind?
:Describe the position of each item using the face of a clock, identify the foods, place utensils and the cup within reach, and encourage self-feeding to preserve independence and dignity.

;What are key points when assisting any client to eat?
:Offer toileting and handwashing first, provide oral care, ensure dentures and glasses are in place, sit at eye level, give small bites, allow time between bites, alternate foods and fluids, avoid asking questions while the client is chewing, and never rush.

;What should the LPN do if a client on a therapeutic diet is found eating food brought in by family that is not allowed?
:Stop the intake, document what and how much was consumed, notify the RN, and reinforce teaching with the client and family about why the restriction exists.